commit | author | age
|
9c5a10
|
1 |
.. _modwsgi_tutorial: |
CM |
2 |
|
fd5ae9
|
3 |
Running a :app:`Pyramid` Application under ``mod_wsgi`` |
3c6d7e
|
4 |
======================================================= |
9c5a10
|
5 |
|
CM |
6 |
:term:`mod_wsgi` is an Apache module developed by Graham Dumpleton. |
|
7 |
It allows :term:`WSGI` programs to be served using the Apache web |
|
8 |
server. |
|
9 |
|
b9065f
|
10 |
This guide will outline broad steps that can be used to get a :app:`Pyramid` |
CM |
11 |
application running under Apache via ``mod_wsgi``. This particular tutorial |
|
12 |
was developed under Apple's Mac OS X platform (Snow Leopard, on a 32-bit |
|
13 |
Mac), but the instructions should be largely the same for all systems, delta |
8a939c
|
14 |
specific path information for commands and files. |
9c5a10
|
15 |
|
d6a7d8
|
16 |
.. note:: Unfortunately these instructions almost certainly won't work for |
CM |
17 |
deploying a :app:`Pyramid` application on a Windows system using |
|
18 |
``mod_wsgi``. If you have experience with :app:`Pyramid` and ``mod_wsgi`` |
|
19 |
on Windows systems, please help us document this experience by submitting |
|
20 |
documentation to the `Pylons-devel maillist |
1cb30e
|
21 |
<https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/pylons-devel>`_. |
9c5a10
|
22 |
|
CM |
23 |
#. The tutorial assumes you have Apache already installed on your |
|
24 |
system. If you do not, install Apache 2.X for your platform in |
|
25 |
whatever manner makes sense. |
|
26 |
|
d67566
|
27 |
#. It is also assumed that you have satisfied the |
SP |
28 |
:ref:`requirements-for-installing-packages`. |
|
29 |
|
9c5a10
|
30 |
#. Once you have Apache installed, install ``mod_wsgi``. Use the |
CM |
31 |
(excellent) `installation instructions |
1cb30e
|
32 |
<https://code.google.com/archive/p/modwsgi/wikis/InstallationInstructions.wiki>`_ |
9c5a10
|
33 |
for your platform into your system's Apache installation. |
CM |
34 |
|
7af933
|
35 |
#. Create a :app:`Pyramid` application. For this tutorial we'll use the |
MM |
36 |
``starter`` :term:`cookiecutter`. See :ref:`project_narr` for more |
|
37 |
in-depth information about creating a new project. |
9c5a10
|
38 |
|
7af933
|
39 |
.. code-block:: bash |
9c5a10
|
40 |
|
CM |
41 |
$ cd ~ |
1aa283
|
42 |
$ cookiecutter gh:Pylons/pyramid-cookiecutter-starter --checkout 1.9-branch |
2cd381
|
43 |
|
SP |
44 |
If prompted for the first item, accept the default ``yes`` by hitting return. |
|
45 |
|
|
46 |
.. code-block:: text |
|
47 |
|
|
48 |
You've cloned ~/.cookiecutters/pyramid-cookiecutter-starter before. |
|
49 |
Is it okay to delete and re-clone it? [yes]: yes |
|
50 |
project_name [Pyramid Scaffold]: myproject |
6ff6fa
|
51 |
repo_name [myproject]: myproject |
2cd381
|
52 |
Select template_language: |
SP |
53 |
1 - jinja2 |
|
54 |
2 - chameleon |
6204d8
|
55 |
3 - mako |
SP |
56 |
Choose from 1, 2, 3 [1]: 1 |
7af933
|
57 |
|
MM |
58 |
#. Create a :term:`virtual environment` which we'll use to install our |
|
59 |
application. It is important to use the same base Python interpreter |
|
60 |
that was used to build ``mod_wsgi``. For example, if ``mod_wsgi`` was |
|
61 |
built against the system Python 3.x, then your project should use a |
|
62 |
virtual environment created from that same system Python 3.x. |
|
63 |
|
|
64 |
.. code-block:: bash |
|
65 |
|
|
66 |
$ cd myproject |
d67566
|
67 |
$ python3 -m venv env |
9c5a10
|
68 |
|
7af933
|
69 |
#. Install your :app:`Pyramid` application and its dependencies. |
9c5a10
|
70 |
|
7af933
|
71 |
.. code-block:: bash |
9c5a10
|
72 |
|
7af933
|
73 |
$ env/bin/pip install -e . |
ac4d2c
|
74 |
|
7af933
|
75 |
#. Within the project directory (``~/myproject``), create a script |
MM |
76 |
named ``pyramid.wsgi``. Give it these contents: |
9c5a10
|
77 |
|
125e97
|
78 |
.. code-block:: python |
9c5a10
|
79 |
|
14f9fe
|
80 |
from pyramid.paster import get_app, setup_logging |
7af933
|
81 |
ini_path = '/Users/chrism/myproject/production.ini' |
14f9fe
|
82 |
setup_logging(ini_path) |
MM |
83 |
application = get_app(ini_path, 'main') |
9c5a10
|
84 |
|
7af933
|
85 |
The first argument to :func:`pyramid.paster.get_app` is the project |
MM |
86 |
configuration file name. It's best to use the ``production.ini`` file |
|
87 |
provided by your cookiecutter, as it contains settings appropriate for |
|
88 |
production. The second is the name of the section within the ``.ini`` |
|
89 |
file that should be loaded by ``mod_wsgi``. The assignment to the name |
43ab04
|
90 |
``application`` is important: mod_wsgi requires finding such an |
CM |
91 |
assignment when it opens the file. |
9c5a10
|
92 |
|
7af933
|
93 |
The call to :func:`pyramid.paster.setup_logging` initializes the standard |
MM |
94 |
library's `logging` module to allow logging within your application. |
14f9fe
|
95 |
See :ref:`logging_config`. |
MM |
96 |
|
b9065f
|
97 |
There is no need to make the ``pyramid.wsgi`` script executable. |
b26206
|
98 |
However, you'll need to make sure that *two* users have access to change |
7af933
|
99 |
into the ``~/myproject`` directory: your current user (mine is |
b26206
|
100 |
``chrism`` and the user that Apache will run as often named ``apache`` or |
CM |
101 |
``httpd``). Make sure both of these users can "cd" into that directory. |
9c5a10
|
102 |
|
CM |
103 |
#. Edit your Apache configuration and add some stuff. I happened to |
|
104 |
create a file named ``/etc/apache2/other/modwsgi.conf`` on my own |
|
105 |
system while installing Apache, so this stuff went in there. |
|
106 |
|
913e6f
|
107 |
.. code-block:: apache |
9c5a10
|
108 |
|
CM |
109 |
# Use only 1 Python sub-interpreter. Multiple sub-interpreters |
49ebfe
|
110 |
# play badly with C extensions. See |
CM |
111 |
# http://stackoverflow.com/a/10558360/209039 |
913e6f
|
112 |
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL} |
9c5a10
|
113 |
WSGIPassAuthorization On |
02fe94
|
114 |
WSGIDaemonProcess pyramid user=chrism group=staff threads=4 \ |
7af933
|
115 |
python-path=/Users/chrism/myproject/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages |
MM |
116 |
WSGIScriptAlias /myapp /Users/chrism/myproject/pyramid.wsgi |
9c5a10
|
117 |
|
7af933
|
118 |
<Directory /Users/chrism/myproject> |
e6261f
|
119 |
WSGIProcessGroup pyramid |
7af933
|
120 |
Require all granted |
9c5a10
|
121 |
</Directory> |
CM |
122 |
|
|
123 |
#. Restart Apache |
|
124 |
|
7af933
|
125 |
.. code-block:: bash |
9c5a10
|
126 |
|
125e97
|
127 |
$ sudo /usr/sbin/apachectl restart |
9c5a10
|
128 |
|
CM |
129 |
#. Visit ``http://localhost/myapp`` in a browser. You should see the |
|
130 |
sample application rendered in your browser. |
|
131 |
|
1cb30e
|
132 |
:term:`mod_wsgi` has many knobs and a great variety of deployment modes. This |
SP |
133 |
is just one representation of how you might use it to serve up a :app:`Pyramid` |
|
134 |
application. See the `mod_wsgi configuration documentation |
ce8894
|
135 |
<https://modwsgi.readthedocs.io/en/develop/configuration.html>`_ |
1cb30e
|
136 |
for more in-depth configuration information. |